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J. G. HucncocmExeautor.

Iron Pier. No. 239,165. Patented March 22,1881.

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J. G. Hm'cncocx, Executor.

Iron Pier. No. 239,165. Patented March 22, i881.

(No Model.) B. T. HITGHGOGK, deod,

a Sheets-Sheet 3. J. G. HI'IOEGOGK, Executor.

Iron Pier. No. 239,165.

Patented March 22, I881.

W/T/VESSES- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BUEL T. HITGHGOOK, OF EW YORK, N. Y., (JOHN G. HITOHOOOK, OF SAME PLACE, EXEOUTOR OF BUEL r. HITOHGOGK, DECEASED.)

IRON PIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 239,165, dated March 22, 1881.

Application filed July 29, 1860.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BUEL T. HITCHGOOK, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Iron Piers or Wharves, of which the following is a specification. My invention relates to piers the framework and foundation-piles of which are made to of iron, and more especially relates to such piers as reach out a long distance into the ocean, and upon sandy bottoms, where great strength and extra precaution have to be taken to secure them against the effect of heavy storms, and where special arrangements have to be made for boats to approach the pier to make landings in heavy weather without danger to the boat or pier. An example of such a pier projected by me has been built at West Brighton Beach, Goney Island, near New York, and of which the drawings accompanying this specification are illustrations.

My invention consists of a double-decked pier or wharf the frame-work and foundation- 2 5 piles of which are of iron. The piles are tubular and rest upon iron disks sunk in the sand. The shore end of the lower deck, for a long distance out, is provided with dressing-rooms and thenecessary arrangements for preparing 0 for a bath; and at convenient distances there are openings through the floor of the deck and stairs leading to the water below. In the deeper water, farther toward the outer end or head of the pier, I have arranged partitions 3 5 between the piles and frame-work. and in them bottoms that may be raised and lowered with the tide, thus securing safety from sharks and from the under-tow, and adapting the depth of water to the 'wishes of the bathers. 40 On the first or lower deck of the pier, together with the dressing-rooms, is a wash and drying room to cleanse and dry the bathing-suits and towels, also a safe deposit each drawer of which has a number to correspond to a dressing-room. The bather can place his valuables in the drawer and take the key with him, there being a cord provided, so that he may hang it on his neck. The head of the pier is provided with a safety-guard consisting of a double row of piles driven a few feet distant from the (No model.)

frame-work of the pier, and the rows a few feet apart and suitably braced together to prevent accident either to pier or boat while making landings in heavy weather. The guardpiles for each section are separate from the others, so as to allow of more elasticity. The piles for guarding the head of the pier are driven at angles to the horizontal line of the head of the pier, commencing at near the outer corners of the pier and running outward, converging toward a point near a center line of the pier. This is done so that two boats may land at the same time, and so that in a heavy sea the boats may be drawn on and stand head to the breakers, avoiding the necessity of a breakwater. The upper deck of my pier is provided with refreshment and cook rooms, and a floor for sleeping apartments, as also a promenade-deck and a music-stand, where persons. may enjoy the sea-breeze, and it they desire can have a cool room in which to pass the night without leaving the pier.

The object of my invention is to provide a pier or wharf that may be built along distance out into the ocean, and even on sandy bottoms can be made to stand firm, resisting the force of the breakers in heavy weather, and at which a boat may land in the roughest sea without danger to itself or to the pier, and without the necessity for a breakwater, and to have such a pier provided with all the arrangements for comfortable and safe bathing, also for food, drink, and sleeping, when required, without leaving the pier. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved iron pier. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section of thelower deck of my pier on line a:

w of Fig. 1, a portion of the floor being broken 0 away to show the baths below. Fig. 3 is a detached view of the stairs and entrance leading from the deck to the baths, showing the tank and arrangement for fresh-water showerbath. Fig. 4. is a plan view of the upper deck. 5 Fig. 5 is a plan view of the shore end of the lower deck, showing stairs leading to the upper deck. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the outer end of the lower deck.

A is the guard, formed of the two rows of I00 the iron piles upon which the structure rests;

I, water-closets; J sewer-pipe to carry away waste to beyond the end of the pier; K, safedeposit; L, wash and drying room; M, diningrooms. N is a bar-room; 0, refreshmentrooms; 1?, stairs to the sleeping-rooms. Q is a music-stand; R, rails to form narrow passage-Ways to the boat-landings, to compel pas-' sengers to walk in single file to prevent crowding. S represents the landings. T is the promenade-deck.

The floors and roof of my pier are covered with transverse diagonal planking and calked for purpose of giving it strength and stiffness. Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An iron pier provided with the guards A, of double rows of piles set on lines at angles to the head line of the pier-via, each line starting at a point near the outer corner of the pier and running outward and converging toward the other at a point in advance of the fron'tcenter of the pierso that boats may haul onto the landing, head onto the sea, avoiding the necessity of a breakwater, substantially as described.

2. A pier 0r wharf provided with the dressin g-rooms O, the passage and steps D from the deck to the baths B, and the fresh-water showerbath provided by means of the tank E and sprinkler F, arranged substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination and arrangement, with an iron pier, of the guards A, composed of piles, the floating baths B, thedressing-rooms C, the closets I, the entrance and steps D to the baths, the fresh-water tank E, and the wash and drying rooms L, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. A double-decked pier resting on iron piles, as set forth, and protected by the guards A, formed by the double row of piles, for the safe landing of boats and the protection of the pier, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. A double-decked iron pier protected by the guards A, formed by the double row of piles, and provided with the floating baths B under it and the stairs D from the baths leading to the deck, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

BUEL T. HITOHOOGK.

Witnesses:

C. P. N. WEATHERLY, A. HURD. 

